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Practical Generic Type Hinting in Python

If you’ve ventured into type hinting in Python, you’re probably aware of the fundamentals. You’re comfortable hinting function arguments and return types using basic types like int or str, and you ...

Granular Enforcement of Python Unit Test Coverage through Code Inspection

If you’re maintaining a medium-sized software project, you’ve probably found yourself in a situation where you’ve added a new feature or model to your Python project and then realized that you forg...

Block/Column Select for Network Operators, NetDevOps, and Network Automation Developers

One of the most powerful, but underrated tools available to network operators is a feature called “block select” (sometimes also called “column select”) supported by most text editors, such as Note...

Cisco ASR 1000 Routers - Booting Cisco IOS from TFTP in ROMMON Mode

While working with Cisco ASR 1000 series routers, you may find yourself in a situation where the router (or a Route Processor, in the case of modular routers) will only boot into ROMMON mode: Init...

Cisco ASR 1000 Routers - 'Please reset before continuing' or 'Please reset before booting' in ROMMON

While working in ROMMON mode of Cisco’s ASR 1000 series of routers, you may encounter the Please reset before continuing or Please reset before booting error messages that prevent most commands fro...

Refactoring Python Network Automation for Unit Tests

Network operators who embrace automation to streamline their daily work often adopt software development best practices to ensure the applications they develop are stable and of the highest quality...

Cisco IOS - 'No matching host key type found' During SSH

A common issue seen when attempting to SSH into a network device running Cisco’s IOS or IOS-XE operating system using an OpenSSH client is as follows: christopher@ubuntu-playground:~$ ssh 192.168....

Cisco IOS - 'No matching key exchange found' During SSH

A common issue seen when attempting to SSH into a network device running Cisco’s IOS or IOS-XE operating system using an OpenSSH client is as follows: christopher@ubuntu-playground:~$ ssh 192.168....

How Security Scanners Cause Network Outages - CoPP and ARP Glean in Production Networks

Note: If you are not familiar with the concepts of the data plane and control plane on network devices, I highly recommend reviewing my Understanding the Data, Control, and Management Planes of ...

Defining Ethernet Physical Layer Terminology

Networking jargon can be context-sensitive, and many terms are often used interchangeably in conversation. In this article, I will define terms often used when discussing the physical layer of Ethe...

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